Optimal design of gears contact interface modification for an objective as minimum impact resistance of initial meshing-in time domain

Meccanica - In gear pair actual alternating meshing process, the comprehensive errors of the transmission system and the thermal elastic deformation of the teeth body cause the gears in the meshing...     

Spatiotemporal dynamics induced by nonlocal competition in a diffusive predator-prey system with habitat complexity

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, we study a delayed diffusive predator–prey model with nonlocal competition in prey and habitat complexity. The local stability of coexisting equilibrium is...     

Synthesis of MOF-derived bimetallic nanocarbons CuNi@C with potential applications as counter electrodes in solar cells

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石墨烯纳米网电导特性的能带机理：第一原理计算

通过第一原理电子结构计算来研究有序多孔纳米网的电导特性变化的能带机理.能带结构分析结果表明:石墨烯纳米网超晶格(3m,3n)(m和n为整数)的电子本征态在布里渊区中心点发生四重简并;碳空位孔洞规则排列形成的石墨烯纳米网具有由简并态分裂形成的宽度可调带隙,无论石墨烯的两个子晶格是否对等.在具有磁性网孔阵列的石墨烯纳米网中,反铁磁耦合使对称子晶格的反演对称性增加了一项量子限制条件,导致能带结构在K点的二重简并态分裂成带隙.通过控制网孔密度能够有效调节石墨烯纳米网的带隙宽度,为实现新一代石墨烯纳米电子器件提供了理论依据.     

基于图像重组和比特置乱的多图像加密

针对现有多图像加密算法只能同时加密多张同类型同大小的图像,适用范围不广、实用性差等问题,提出一种基于图像重组和比特置乱的多图像加密算法.该算法通过将任意数量、不同大小和不同类型的图像重新组合成新多灰度图,一次完成同时加密,极大提高了加密效率和适用范围.首先,依次提取所有待加密图像像素值重新组合出N张m×n新灰度图,并将其转化成m×n×8N二进制矩阵.然后,采用3D比特置乱方式,对高位页进行行列比特置乱,低位页进行整页比特置乱.最后,进行异或扩散操作,得到密文图像.高低位分开置乱提高了算法的抗噪声能力,最终密文信息熵达到7.999以上,很好地掩盖了明文的统计特性.构造一种新型Logistic与广义三阶Fibonacci级联的混沌系统产生随机序列,增加了初值和控制参数范围,扩大了密钥空间,使其达到8×10^84以上,极大地提高了抗穷举攻击能力.既提高了序列随机性,又同时保留了低维混沌系统的快速性.结合明文哈希值(SHA-256)产生密钥,明文像素值发生微小改变后密文像素值变化率达到0.996以上,极大地提高了的明文敏感性和算法抗选择明文攻击的能力.实验分析表明,提出的多图像加密算法安全性高、实用性强.     

Ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing reduces the structure and gel property deterioration of myofibrillar protein from chicken breast

The effects of air freezing (AF), immersion freezing (IF) and ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing (UF) at different power levels (125, 165, 205 and 245 W) on the structure and gel properties of the myofibrillar protein (MP) of chicken breast were investigated. UF at 165 W (UF-165) had no obvious negative impact on the primary structure of the MP and effectively reduced the change in the secondary and tertiary structure. In addition, UF-165 significantly reduced the losses in the elastic modulus (G′), gel strength, and gel water holding capacity (P < 0.05). According to low field nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, the T₂₁ and T₂₂ of the UF-165 MP gels were shorter than those of the AF and IF samples, which meant that the UF-165 reduced the mobility of the immobilized water and free water in MP gel. A scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the appropriate ultrasonic power promoted the formation of a compact and homogeneous protein gel network. These results suggested that the appropriate ultrasonic power maintained the MP structure and reduced the loss of gel quality.     

Application of ultrasound-assisted physical mixing treatment improves in vitro protein digestibility of rapeseed napin

The in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of napin was studied using different pretreatment methods, including ultrasound, mixing napin with lactalbumin, and ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. The relationships between IVPD, molecular structure, and disulfide bonds were explored, showing that the IVPD of napin was the highest compared with the control when treated with 40% ultrasound power. When the proportion of napin to lactalbumin was 5:5, a synergistic influence between the two proteins was observed. Further investigation showed that the IVPD of napin was clearly improved by treatment with ultrasound-assisted protein mixing. Compared with the single protein in the control, the β-sheet content in the secondary structure of the mixed protein after sonication was reduced from 45.02% to 37.16%. The ordered protein structure was also disrupted by ultrasound, as supported by fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity analyses. The decreased number of disulfide bonds and conformational changes indicated that the IVPD of rapeseed napin was closely related to the disulfide bond content. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving protein digestibility by combining ultrasound with physical mixing.     

Spleen and thymus metabolomics strategy to explore the immunoregulatory mechanism of total withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L. on imiquimod-induced psoriatic skin dermatitis in mice

Our previous work demonstrated that total withanolides of Datura metel L. leaves (TWD) exhibited excellent therapeutic effects on psoriasis. However, current knowledge of its mechanisms is incomplete. In this study, integrated spleen and thymus untargeted metabolomics were used to analyze the changes in endogenous metabolites underlying the immunosuppressive activity of TWD on psoriasis animal models induced by imiquimod. The results suggested that TWD treatment markedly attenuated imiquimod-induced psoriasis and showed significant immunosuppressive activity as evidenced by decreased elevation index of spleen and thymus. Meanwhile, TWD significantly reversed the elevation of immunoregulatory factors, including IL-10, IL-17, IL-22 and IL-23. Multivariate trajectory analysis revealed that TWD treatment could restore the psoriasis-disturbed spleen and thymus metabolite profiles towards the normal metabolic status. A total of 25 and 27 metabolites associated with the immunomodulatory effects for which levels changed markedly upon treatment have been identified in spleen and thymus, respectively. These differential metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. Our investigation provided a holistic view of TWD for intervention in psoriasis through immunoregulation and provided further scientific information in vivo about a clinical value of TWD for psoriasis.     

Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic acid glycosides in Ginkgo biloba L. leaf,G. biloba leaf extract and its injection

Ginkgo biloba L. leaf (GBL) is one of the most commonly used medicinal plants in the world. Phenolic acids with biological activities have a relatively high content in G. biloba leaf extracts (GBE); therefore they are of great significance for the quality control of GBL, GBE and its preparations. However, there have been few studies focused on their analysis. In this work, 12 phenolic acids, including 11 phenolic acid glycosides, were identified by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–Q-TOF/MS). Then, a method combining enzymolysis with HPLC was established for quantification of phenolic acid glycosides. It was found that the aglycones of phenolic acid glycosides mainly comprised five phenolic acids: 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid and p-coumaric acid. The quantitative method was validated, and the correlation coefficient (0.9993–0.9999), recovery (≥88.4%), repeatability (≤0.8%), and inter-day precision (≤5.5%) were satisfactory. Finally, the contents of glycosides of five phenolic acids in GBL, GBE and GBE injection from different sources were determined by the developed method. The method was accurate, repeatable and practicable, which could be helpful for the quantification of phenolic acid glycosides in other products containing GBL or GBE.